Challenging Behaviors in Young Children and Their...

Challenging Behaviors in Young Children and Their Functions Anastasia Sims ECE201: Intro to Early Childhood Behavior Management (ACP1116B) June 22, 2011 Introduction There are many reasons why young children have challenging behaviors. These reasons, or functions, for behaviors are serving a purpose for that child. It is our job as educators to figure out what those functions are so they can be prevented or managed, in the case of disruptive or dangerous behaviors, or reinforced and encouraged, in the case of those positive behaviors we would like to see flourish. The way to do this is to determine the function of a behavior, implement an individual behavioral support plan, be consistent with it, and maintain†¦show more content†¦Peers of course are another group of people that come in contact with a child a good portion of the time, as well as child care and school. Poverty, and the conditions that surround it, and exposure to violence in society, are also two very big factors. If you do not have money you can not get proper nutrition, and without proper nutrition your development is suppressed. In the end though, if child ren have the proper support system in place to help them deal with their challenging behavior then all of those risk factors are less important. In fact researchers have decided we should focus on protective factors instead. They discovered an ability called â€Å"resilience and found that it is associated with a series of protective factors that counter the impact of the risk factors in a child’s life.† (Kaiser, Sklar-Rasminsky, p.43) You can never know exactly why behaviors exist but you can definitely have a plan in place to help curb them. The Behaviors The three behaviors I will be focusing on are ones that I have seen on a daily basis in my 12 years experience working with young children. They are hitting, eloping, otherwise known as running away or escaping, and fussing or crying. Hitting is considered challenging because it is an aggressive act that hurts someone else. Its one thing to hit yourself, but hitting someone else should not be tolerated. When aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Functional Behavioral1199 Words   |  5 Pages2012 Challenging behavior comes in various of reasons. Once you have gathered information to understand the behaviors of young children you can diagnose the child with the appropriate behavior and find a solution to fix the problem. I have been receiving some information on different ways on how to diagnose and find solutions through different materials which I will share. They are two linked strategies developed by behavioral psychologist to understand a child’s challenging behavior; this twoRead MoreEvaluation And Treatment Of Problem Behavior1333 Words   |  6 Pagesthat he has significant challenges with academics and exhibits frequent off-task behavior. She also reports that Jayden frequently yells out during class. Article Reviews Buckley, S. D., Newchok, D. K. (2006). Analysis and treatment of problem behavior evoked by music. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 39(1), 141-144. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2006.120-04 Billy, a 7-year old boy who attended a private school for children with developmental disabilities, was the participant in the study. Billy was diagnosedRead MoreTreatment Options Used for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1440 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known as a neurodevelopmental disorder that is capable of weakening communication, behavior and socialization. The term ASD includes three major subtypes which is Autism Spectrum Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder and Asperger’s Disorder. About 9.0 in 1000 children have ASD and certain types of autism might not be identified until three years of life. The probability of boys being diagnosed is higher compared to girls (Bravaccio et al. 2013)Read MoreQuestions On Children s Story 1246 Words   |  5 Pages Tara Domino-Robinson Children’s Story ECE 313 Collaborating with Parents and Community Instructor: Chandra Farmer February 2, 2015 Children s Story Knowing how to address a variety of situations in the early childhood setting and effectively partnering with parents to do so are important skills for all teachers and caregivers. For this assignment, you will choose one of the following scenarios: a. Shane has a difficult time separating from his mother each morningRead More Autism Spectrum Disorder and Interventions1042 Words   |  5 Pagescharacteristics children represent with autism is the inability to make eye contact, to initiate and respond communication, and smile back at someone else who is smiling at them. Autistic children have trouble with understanding messages and interpretation of facial expressions, body language, tone of voice, and emotional expressions directed toward them. There is also a sense of fear that they have when there is a change of environment (Goldstein, Naglieri, Rzepa, Williams, 2012). These children also showRead MoreEffects Of Media Violence On Teenagers1509 Words   |  7 PagesEffects on Media Violence and Young Children and Teenagers Violence and aggression have been seen often in nowadays media through music, commercials, video games, television and movies. Many argue whether the violence in media makes impact on people. Some claim there is no correlation between violence in media and reality. Christopher Ferguson, an associate professor in Psychology at Stetson University said â€Å"Basically, by †¦ playing first-person shooter video game †¦ you keep them off the streetsRead MoreBipolar Disease887 Words   |  4 Pagesdisorders brain is different to that of a healthy persons brain. Childrens brain with bipolar disorder shows that their brain is kind of the same to that of a children with multi-dimensional impairment, which is a disorder in which symptoms overlap with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Its also very rare for children to develop the illness, although some children do they call the illness early-onset bipolar disorder. Children with this illness tend to get more severe mood swings th an adults withRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Development1196 Words   |  5 Pagesof the most challenging formulations that clinicians needs to complete and most of the time is never done (Ross, 2000). Exist six main theories of human development these are: the Psychoanalytic theories, cognitive theories, behavioral and social cognitive theories, ethological theories, ecological theories, and eclectic theoretical orientation. Let’s explain a little more about the theories mentioned before. Psychoanalytic theories explain the human development as unconscious behaviors characteristicsRead MoreReinforcement And Punishment On Children1535 Words   |  7 Pagesclassroom as well as many homes for small children. Reinforcement is the technique of inspiring or authorizing a pattern of behavior which may lead to a reward. Many children do what is right because of the positive reinforcements they may receive. In the learning environment, children look forward to reinforcement such as candy, snacks, as well as stickers or other fun activities. If positive reinforcement is used in children’s households, the children look to impress their parents. PunishmentRead MoreThe First F ew Years Of Young Children’S Lives Are Very1094 Words   |  5 PagesThe first few years of young children’s lives are very critical to their overall development because new learning is happening every day, either during time spent with a teacher or parent. When children are four years old, they are with a teacher full time or part time. That teacher is a professional individual who plays an active role in children’s early childhood development and has a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood

Imperialism Essay - 771 Words

Imperialism could be considered as a defining characteristic of America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Imperialism is defined as â€Å"a policy of extending a countrys power and influence through diplomacy or military force† (Imperialism and Immigration). When it comes to imperialism in America, I must say that other factors were more influential than social Darwinism. Although I do agree to a certain extent that social Darwinism did play a big role, things such as expansionist objectives, European activity, and economic opportunity overall had a bigger part in the movement. Expansionist objectives became well known and a widely shared view in the 1830s, and by 1893 Americans were ready to expand past the United States. Frederick†¦show more content†¦This expansion of Europe then became concerning to Americans, if Europe kept expanding, they would gain more power, and with more power, we couldn’t be sure that we would be able to protect ourselves or our ideas (Imperialism and Immigration). This worry then led to the ideas of Alfred Thayer Mahan who thought that we needed a much stronger navy to protect ourselves. Mahan believed that the United States could use sea power in two different but beneficial ways, one was for peace which meant commerce with other countries as well as being able to build ports for our ships, and then our men could refuel and rest, and the other reason simply put, was for war. Mahan even states â€Å"The influence of the government will be felt in its most legitimate manner in maintaining an armed navy, of a size commensurate with the growth of its shipping and the importance of the interests connected with it† (Mahan 1890). These worries of European activity and the worries of building up our own economy became the driving force behind building a stronger navy to be able to pursue imperialism, not social Darwinism. Furthermore, economic opportunity for the United States had a huge role in the push for imperialism. With growing concerns of Europe expanding in size, the US began to be further concerned about the potentialShow MoreRelatedEssay on Imperialism1350 Words   |  6 Pages Imperialism is often excused as a way of liberating people from tyrannical rule or by introducing the policies of a â€Å"better† way of life. It is based on the ground of a variety of causes running the gamut of economic pressures, greed, security, power, prestige, religion, and many other effective measures that can be taken given the circumstances. Arguments about the roots and virtue of imperialism can be put into four basic groups. The first is whether or not imperialism is economically beneficialRead MoreThe American Imperialism Essay558 Words   |  3 Pagescollect power through Cuba, Hawaii, and the Philippines, debate arose among historians about American imperialism and its behavior. Historians suc h as William A. Williams, Arthur Schlesinger, and Stephen Kinzer provides their own vision and how America ought to be through ideas centered around economics, power, and racial superiority. Economics becomes a large factor in the American imperialism; but more specifically that expansion in foreign markets is a vital part in the growth of America. AsRead MoreEssay on Imperialism in America1192 Words   |  5 PagesImperialism in America At the turn of the century, America and the views of its people were changing. Many different ideas were surfacing about issues that affected the country as a whole. The Republican Party, led by William McKinley, were concentrating on the expansion of the United States and looking to excel in power and commerce. The Democratic Party at this time was led by William Jennings Bryan, who was absorbed in a sponge of morality and was concerned with the rights of man. TheRead MoreGerman Imperialism Essay2422 Words   |  10 PagesGermany received elevated political status from occupying colonies, the economic and military efforts that were invested in maintaining and obtaining its colony of Namibia could not justify this elevated political position. Through the means of imperialism, Germany hoped that it would consolidate its position as an international power. This would be done by strengthening the German economy, spreading German influence, and gaining political status. Firstly, between 1875 and 1914, holding a largeRead More The Advent of Imperialism Essay2934 Words   |  12 PagesThe Advent of Imperialism We live in a world today in which the consequences of nineteenth-century Western imperialism are still being felt. By about 1914 Western civilization reached the high point of its long-standing global expansion. This expansion in this period took many forms. There was, first of all, economic expansion. Europeans invested large sums of money abroad, building railroads and ports, mines and plantations, factories and public utilities. Trade betweenRead MoreEssay on Imperialism and Colonialism2505 Words   |  11 PagesImperialism has been noted to be practice of foreign rule in a context of hierarchy and subordination, which can eventually lead to the formation of an empire. Imperialism refers directly to the enhancement of power and military superiority. At the time when developed nations were colonizing less developed nations around the 1870s, the age of Imperialism began. Referring to the time were nations such as the United States, Germany, and Japan began to employ imperialist doctrines to their governanceRead MoreEssay On British Imperialism1198 Words   |  5 Pagesempire. Overall, whether an advertisement for soap, or the funeral for Dr. Livingstone, visual and material culture was at the forefront of British imperialism. Although Britain abolished slavery in 1833, the shackles of racism remained. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Social Darwinism became a popular ideology used to justify imperialism. Built upon Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection, Social Darwinists applied natural selection to the human race, arguing human societyRead MoreJapan and The Influence of Imperialism Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagesin 1854. While it had a strict policy about maintaining its isolation, it had no choice but to succumb to imperialism. When Commodore Matthew Perry visited, Japan realized that isolation had resulted in their inability to develop economically and militarily with the industrialized world. Thus from 1854 to 1914, the Japanese changed from being under the influence of imperialism to becoming an imperialist nation, as well as coming out of feudalism and going to into modern militarismRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution and Imperialism Essay872 Words   |  4 PagesThe concept of imperialism is one that has pervaded nearly every major society or empire throughout human history. It seems to be a natural consequence of societies growing in size, power, and knowledge. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries vast changes occurred in Western Europe (and soon spread elsewhere) that spurred a new round of imperialism the likes of which had not been seen before. The changes were the industrial revolution that was taking place. Countries were rapidly advancing toRead MoreEuropean Imperialism in Africa Essay1405 Words   |  6 PagesRhodes’s quote clearly illustrates a materialistic point of view, owing to the fact that he was the founder of De Beers Diamond Company. Being a businessman, a desire of profit was natural. However, there are other examples that show a condemnation of imperialism for economical reasons. According to William Clark , in The Genesis of Jingoism, â€Å"capitalism is international†¦ and it will prove in the long run to be one of the leading factors in breaking down of nationalism.† Owing to the fact that this excerpt

Characteristics of Philosophical Reasoning Free Essays

How is the use of reasoning into the framework of my thesis research plan? Answer . a. Characteristics of Philosophical Reasoning Before directly answering the questions above, I’ll describe a little understanding of philosophical reasoning itself. We will write a custom essay sample on Characteristics of Philosophical Reasoning or any similar topic only for you Order Now According JuJunSuriasumantri, Reasoning is a thinking process in drawing a conclusion in the form of knowledge. So reasoning is the thinking process started from empirical observation that produces a number of concepts and understanding. As an activity of thinking reasoning has certain haracteristics. The first feature is a logical thought process, which is defined as logical thinking activities according to certain patterns or in other words according to certain logic. The second characteristic is the nature of the analytical thinking process. Analytic properties are the consequence of the existence of a certain thought pattern. The analysis is essentially an activity of thinking based on certain measures. Also according to JintutNocturna, the characteristics of reasoning that is thorough, fundamental, and speculative. The nature of its thinking is comprehensive. A philosopher does not know the content of science is only from the perspective of science itself, but they wanted to see the nature of science in the perspective of others. They wanted to connect science with other aspects. They wanted to know the relation of science to morals and regard science with religion. They wanted to believe what science knows that can bring benefit or not. That is the idea that broad because it does not have limit itself and not Just in terms of one particular viewpoint. Thought philosophical want to know the relationship between sciences with others science, relationships between moral cience, art and life goals. The nature of its thinking is fundamental. A philosopher does not believe it the truth the knowledge gained. They were always in doubt and questioning: Why science can be called the true? How the assessment process based on these criteria is? Is the criterion true? Then what is its own right? Like a circle and any questions always arise continuously. That is, thinking until the results of a fundamental or essential objectscan be learned for all the rationale and scientific value. So, do not Just stop at peripheries(skin), but penetrating into its depths. The ature of its thinking is speculative. Philosophers speculate on the truth. Speculative nature of it, is also a philosopher continue to test and then gave birth to a knowledge and can answer the question of the validity of the trust. Based on the characteristics is an activity that uses the potential for the widest possible sense and freely without being limited by anything radically, systematically, universal and comprehensive as well as speculative and fundamental in revealing the nature of a truth. It is the ideas obtained and provide a basis for further thinking. The results of its thought were lways intended as a basis for exploring a new area of knowledge. Based on characteristics of the philosophy of the above , it can be concluded that philosophy is an activity that uses the broadest reasonable potential and freely without being restricted by anything radically,sistematic universal , comprehensive and non- speculative and fundamental in nature reveals the truth . That is, the ideas that come form the basis for further thoughts . The results of his thought was always intended as a basis for exploring new areas of knowledge. In the preparation of the thesis , ust be based on scientific studies that can be proven. Scientific knowledge is based A. Ontology Ontology is a branch of philosophy that talks about that there . In terms of science , the foundation of ontology questioned about objects that can be studied by science , what its essential form , and how it relates to human perception such as thinking , feeling , and clicking sense led to knowledge. Ontology is the study of objects that are not visible on one particular embodiment , which discusses that there are universal , that is trying to find a core that is loaded every fact which encompasses all of reality n all its forms . The existence of all things is an aspect of reality that transcends all differences between the objects and living beings , between the types and individuals . Of the discussion raises some views that are grouped into multiple streams of thought namely Materialism Flow is said that the essence of everything that exists is matter . Something there ( le material ) may only born there. Idealism(spiritualism) This stream replied weaknesses of materialism , which says that it is precisely the nature of spiritual beings (spiritual ) . Is the idea that spiritual world is more real han the material . Dualism The flow of material and wanted to unite the ideas , which argues that the essence of beings ( the fact ) in this universe is composed of two sources , namely the material and the spiritual Agnosticism This flow is the opinion of the philosophers who take a skeptical attitude , which is free of any answers that may be true and it may not. B. Epistemology Object study epistemology is questioning how something is coming and how to find out, how to differentiate with others . So with regard to the circumstances of time and space about something . Epistemological foundation is what allows the process of getting knowledge of logic , ethics , aesthetics , and the procedure how to obtain scientific truth , moral goodness and beauty of art , and what is the definition . Examines moral epistemology about the epistemic evaluation of moral Judgment and moral theories. In epistemology appears multiple streams of thought,namely : Meaningful experience ( emperies ) , where human knowledge acquired from sensory experience . Rationalism Without denying the huge benefits of sensory experiences in human life , but the erception of the senses is only used to stimulate the intellect . So the sense is above the sensory experience and emphasize the deductive method. Positivism A synthesis of empiricism and rationalism . By taking the point of departure from empiricism , but have sharpened the experiment , which is able to objectively determine the validity and reliability of knowledge . Intuitionism Intuition is not the same as feeling , however, is the result of understanding the evolution of high that only human . The ability to understand the full truth , which is fixed and unique . C. Axiology Axiology is the philosophical value . This aspect is related to the value of the (1 ) good and bad , and (2) beautiful and ugly . The first category of category : value under the study of philosophy called ethics or behavior , while the second category is the object of the study of philosophy or aesthetic beauty. Ethics also called moral philosophy ethics ( moral philosophy) , which comes from the word ethos ( Greek ) which means character . Moral derived from the word mos or mores ( Latin ) which means habit . In the Indonesian term is defined moral or ethical decency . Material object of ethics is human behavior or actions , being the object of a formal ethics is good or bad , moral or immoral. Human morality is the object of study ethic that has aged very long . Since human society is formed , which is in accordance with the behavioral issues of morality have been discussed . Associated with it , then came two theories that explain how a behavior that can be measured ethically . The theory in question is Deontological and Theological . a. Deontological . Deontological theories inspired by the thought of Immanuel Kant , who seem rigid , onservative and preserve the status quo , which states that the merits of a behavior is assessed in terms of the act itself , and not the result . A good behavior if that behavior fit the existing norms . b. Theological Theological theory more emphasizing results . A piece of good behavior if the behavior is much more profitable than harm , where gains and losses are seen from the indicators of human interest . This theory raises two views , namely egoism and utilitarianism ( utilisme ) . People who teach is Jeremy Bentham (1742 – 1832) , which is then corrected by John Stuart Mill ( 1806-1873 ) . ?Aesthetics Aesthetics are also called beauty philosophy ( philosophy of beauty) , which is derived from the word aisthetika or aisthesis ( Greek ) which means that the things that can be perceived by the senses or sensory perception . Discuss aesthetic issues related to critical reflection on values over something called Indak or not beautiful . On the way from the era of ancient Greek philosophy until now appears the question of aesthetics , namely : what is the question that beauty , the beauty that is both objective and subjective , the beauty of the size , the role of beauty in human life and he beauty of the relationship with the truth . So the question was being debated attractive especially if it is associated with religion and the values of decency , because they never reach completion. b. How to Use On Such reasoning In My Thesis Research Plan? From the description of the reasoning characteristics above can be described that in scientific research on my thesis should refer to the three scientific studies that can be proved. Scientific knowledge based on ontology, Epistemology and Axiology. In this case I plan on studying†The Use of Portfolio Assessment in English Language Course of Samarinda Polytechnic Students† In this case, first of all I relate my research to the study of ontology in relation to science, the foundation of ontology questioned about the objects studied by science, how is the essential form, and how it relates to human perception in the form of thinking, feeling, and senses that produce the knowledge. Here, I will review first the definition of the assessment itself, including the types of assessment that exist in the world of education, then I describe of these species leads to the portfolio assessment and its definition. After that I gave evidence o the theory of portfolio assessment that has been around for examples of this include also the terms of portfolio assessment itself. After reviewing the terms of ontology, I will review my research in terms of epistemology. ObJect of the study in epistemology is questioning how something is coming and how to find out, how to distinguish with the other. So this part will deal with regard to the circumstances of space and time about something. The cornerstone of epistemology is what is the process to get the knowledge by logic, ethics, aesthetics, and the procedure and how o obtain scientific truth, moral goodness also beauty of art, and what the definition. Epistemic moral of epistemology examines the evaluation of moral judgments andmoral theories. From the foundation of epistemology above, I can describe my research on these processes in which this study took place during the assessment was given in one semester and then the results are measured from the students who follow courses in English. From the view of epistemology, my scientific research shows how the sequence of events and portfolio assessment process was ut in place, and inside there are also barriers faced by faculty and students in the provision of portfolio assessment and also the excess deficiency. Assessment indicators are also included in the review epistemology which I will discuss in my research. The third study that will be entered in my thesis that scientific research based on the view of Axiology. Axiology is the philosophical value. Aspects of this value is related to the following categories: (1) good and bad, and (2) beautiful and ugly. The first category of value under the study of philosophy called ethics or ehavior, while the second category is an object of the study of philosophy or aesthetic beauty. In relation to my thesis of scientific research, which involves study of axiology or the value of research results to the people, in this case the use of portfolios can provide benefits and can be used in the assessing of English language and be reviewed again if it can increase the score of the English language Samarinda Polytechnic Students. In addition, my research is certainly has the weaknesses that can be added to further research in subsequent studies, so that the value and enefits of this research is philosophically continues to grow and not static at one JuJun S, Suriasumantri, Filsafat Ilmu, Sebuah Pengantar Populer. How to cite Characteristics of Philosophical Reasoning, Papers

Civil Disobedience Essay Example For Students

Civil Disobedience Essay I heartily accept the motto, That government is best which governs least; and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically. Carried out, it finally amounts to this, which also I believeThat government is best which governs not at all; and when men are prepared for it, that will be the kind of government which the will have. Government is at best but an expedient; but most governments are usually, and all governments are sometimes, inexpedient. The objections which have been brought against a standing army, and they are many and weighty, and deserve to prevail, may also at last be brought against a standing government. The standing army is only an arm of the standing government. The government itself, which is only the mode which the people have chosen to execute their will, is equally liable to be abused and perverted before the people can act through it. Witness the present Mexican war, the work of comparatively a few individuals using the standing government as their tool; for in the outset, the people would not have consented to this measure. This American governmentwhat is it but a tradition, though a recent one, endeavoring to transmit itself unimpaired to posterity, but each instant losing some of its integrity? It has not the vitality and force of a single living man; for a single man can bend it to his will. It is a sort of wooden gun to the people themselves. But it is not the less necessary for this; for the people must have some complicated machinery or other, and hear its din, to satisfy that idea of government which they have. Governments show thus how successfully men can be imposed upon, even impose on themselves, for their own advantage. It is excellent, we must all allow. Yet this government never of itself furthered any enterprise, but by the alacrity with which it got out of its way. It does not keep the country free. It does not settle the West. It does not educate. The character inherent in the American people has done all that has been accomplished; and it would have done somewhat more, if the government had not sometimes got in its way. For government is an expedient, by which men would fain succeed in letting one another alone; and, as has been said, when it is most expedient, the governed are most let alone by it. Trade and commerce, if they were not made of india-rubber, would never manage to bounce over obstacles which legislators are continually putting in their way; and if one were to judge these men wholly by the effects of their actions and not partly by their intentions, they would deserve to be classed and punished with those mischievious persons who put obstructions on the railroads. But, to speak practically and as a citizen, unlike those who call themselves no-government men, I ask for, not at one no government, but at once a better government. Let every man make known what kind of government would command his respect, and that will be one step toward obtaining it. After all, the practical reason why, when the power is once in the hands of the people, a majority are permitted, and for a long period continue, to rule is not because they are most likely to be in the right, nor because this seems fairest to the minority, but because they are physically the strongest. But a government in which the majority rule in all cases can not be based on justice, even as far as men understand it. Scarlet Letter 4 = Essay Both of these mens work was considered to be Civil Disobedience. However, their peers judge them differently due to their different circumstances. First of all, Martin Luther King was black and Thoreau was white. Since they were of different races, and were .

Plagio Essays - Spanish Grammar, Spanish Pronouns,

Plagio Cmo puedo parafrasear y estar seguro de que no me estoy "robando" las frases de otra persona? a) Use sinnimos para todas las palabras que no sean genricas. b) Cambie de la voz activa a la pasiva, o viceversa. c) Cambie la estructura de la frase. d) Reduzca prrafos a frases. e) Cambie partes del texto. Debe citar Para evitar el plagio, usted debe dar crdito cada vez que utilice: Las ideas, opiniones o teoras de otra persona; Cualquier dato, estadstica, grfica, imagen cualquier informacin que no sea de conocimiento pblico; Cualquier referencia a las palabras verbales o escritas de otra persona; o El parafraseo de las palabras verbales o escritas de otra persona. Estrategias para evitar el Plagio 1. Encierre entre comillas todo lo que provenga directamente del texto, especialmente cuando est tomando notas. 2. Parafrasee, pero asegrese que no esta simplemente cambiando algunas palabras o reacomodndolas. 3. Compare sus frases con el texto original para asegurarse que no uso accidentalmente la mismas frases o palabras, y que la informacin es fiel Parafrasear: Es utilizar las ideas de otra persona, pero ponindolas en palabras propias. Esta es posiblemente la habilidad que usted ms va a usar cuando quiera incorporar el contenido de ciertas fuente en sus escritos. As haga usted uso de sus propias palabras al parafrasear, de todas maneras debe dar crdito a la o las fuentes de su informacin.

Free Essays on What Role Does Government Play In Human Happiness

For many centuries, people have considered the happiness of man. They have discussed the many causes and affects of this happiness. It seems to be self-evident that man’s happiness is dependent upon his social interactions that happen throughout his entire life. If man lives in what can be considered to be the â€Å"wrong† social situation, he has no means of attaining his happiness. Man’s happiness depends on him living in his proper place in the world. Each man has his own proper place in society, and once he is in this position he will be ultimately happy. Certain leaders would suggest anarchy as the ideal society, while others would suggest totalitarianism. In anarchy, people believe that man will be happy because he has no constraints on his freedom. He is able to do what he wants when he wants. In doing what he wants all the time, he will be truly happy. On the other hand, totalitarianism expects that men will be happy because the leader has comp lete control, so they need not make a decision on their own. Without the difficulties of making these decisions, man can truly be happy. A man’s happiness, in actuality, comes from a medium between these two extremes. The happiness that man can achieve must come from being within a political association. It does not seem possible that man can completely lose his happiness when he is living in a society, since all men naturally strive for social interactions. He makes agreements when being in this political society that go along with his wishes, he will be protected, always have food, and always have companionship. Man will work for the society, so that in return, the society will work for man. This relationship comes from man’s agreement with the leaders of an aristocracy, since this idea of government seems to be the best one that lends to the idea of man being happiest within a society. Aristocracy seems to be a mean between the two extremes of anarchy and to tal... Free Essays on What Role Does Government Play In Human Happiness Free Essays on What Role Does Government Play In Human Happiness For many centuries, people have considered the happiness of man. They have discussed the many causes and affects of this happiness. It seems to be self-evident that man’s happiness is dependent upon his social interactions that happen throughout his entire life. If man lives in what can be considered to be the â€Å"wrong† social situation, he has no means of attaining his happiness. Man’s happiness depends on him living in his proper place in the world. Each man has his own proper place in society, and once he is in this position he will be ultimately happy. Certain leaders would suggest anarchy as the ideal society, while others would suggest totalitarianism. In anarchy, people believe that man will be happy because he has no constraints on his freedom. He is able to do what he wants when he wants. In doing what he wants all the time, he will be truly happy. On the other hand, totalitarianism expects that men will be happy because the leader has comp lete control, so they need not make a decision on their own. Without the difficulties of making these decisions, man can truly be happy. A man’s happiness, in actuality, comes from a medium between these two extremes. The happiness that man can achieve must come from being within a political association. It does not seem possible that man can completely lose his happiness when he is living in a society, since all men naturally strive for social interactions. He makes agreements when being in this political society that go along with his wishes, he will be protected, always have food, and always have companionship. Man will work for the society, so that in return, the society will work for man. This relationship comes from man’s agreement with the leaders of an aristocracy, since this idea of government seems to be the best one that lends to the idea of man being happiest within a society. Aristocracy seems to be a mean between the two extremes of anarchy and to tal...

How do designers in their work benefit or suffer from 'the network Essay

How do designers in their work benefit or suffer from 'the network society' (Manuel Castells) - Essay Example The internet has in the recent past become the fibre of the modern social life. According to the available statistics, the number of people who uses internet has grown from under 40 million in 1995 to more than 1.5 million in 2009 (Stalder 2006, p.79). Manuel Castells, a senior professor of sociology have been studying the changes that are brought about by modern technology in the society and have developed a theory of â€Å"Network Society†. The theory talks about society which is not controlled by distance and time (Castells 2007, p. 265). A network society is a society whose social structure is composed of networks which are empowered by communication strategies and micro-electronic-based information. According to Castells, network is an inter-connection between different nodes. Despite being a traditional human practice, network has in modern days taken a new form by becoming an informational network which is enhanced by internet. Due to the ever expanding use of technolog y in modern societal operations, designers in different entities have as well benefited from the emergence of network society. Despite the highly hyped benefits of networks societies, some designers have suffered severely from the modern technology. The essay below focuses on how designers in their work benefit or suffer from the network society. Benefits of Network Society to Designers The core aim of contemporary technology is to advance the living status of the general population. The objective of the technology is projected to be achieved by developing mechanisms that can reduce the amount of labour and increased the level of outcome. The emergence of modern technology has a substantial encouraging impact to modern designers. Modern network is extraordinarily flexible and has wide scope compared to traditional networks. The flexibility of a network society is therefore very helpful for designers in facilitating instant and dependable access to relevant social organisations and s tructures (Stalder, 2006, p.79). Networks in modern society are proliferated in all aspects of the social facets including: outperforming cooperates, outcompeting centralised bureaucracies and economy. This has reduced the complications that may be countered by designers in accessing several social and economic entities. Prior to the emergence of internet, designers were faced with intricate barrier in fulfilling their task and in managing their daily functions. This was especially the case in the situation when their operations are huge and more complex to be accomplished by one entity. However, modern development has brought about a network society that fits extensively in designers’ operations and interactions. Secondly, network society has also brought about exceptional combination between task and flexibility which has led to sophisticated form of human action. As a result, designers are at present in a better position to make well coordinated decisions with the inclusio n of all players in the society. The grouping between flexibility and task has as well led to effective execution of horizontal communication which is vital for efficient operation in designer profession. In addition, due to the existence of network society, the boundaries between other type of communication and mass media have in the recent past blurred. As a result, the weakening boundary between mass communication and other forms of communication such as social media and printed media

Edgar Degas, Women on the Terrace of a Cafe in the Evening Essay

Edgar Degas, Women on the Terrace of a Cafe in the Evening - Essay Example The essay "Edgar Degas, Women on the Terrace of a Cafe in the Evening" gives a review of Edgar Degas's art. This period is normally viewed as a bridge between modernity and the middle ages. It was characterized by the developments of music, philosophy, science and literature. Renaissance art was therefore developed for purposes of promoting this concept of the renaissance movement. Artists such as Donatello, Michellozzo, and Masaccio are some of the most famous French sculptors and artists responsible for promoting the renaissance movement. France is a country that was known for its unique artistic works. In the 19th century, a unique style of painting emerged in France, and it was called impressionism. These paintings were very unique in nature. This is mainly because they were promoting the contemporary style of living in France. This paper is an analysis of the painting by Degas, called, â€Å"Women on the Terrace of a Cafe in the Evening†. This painting by Edgar Davis is a n example of a painting that was done through the principles of impressionism, and this is because it promotes the ways of life, in the 19th century France. Impressionism was an artistic movement that began in Paris and thereafter, it did spread to other parts of the country. This movement was characterized by an emergence of an independent group of artists. These people were able to experience opposition from the traditional societies of art, in Paris. The artistic paintings of these people were characterized by the use of thin brushes.

Critical Thinking Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical Thinking Questions - Assignment Example A reference source used in a paper must be credible to be conclusive and the authority it possesses makes the source more credible and usable. Primary sources give first-hand information about the subject of research while Secondary Sources give information that has been discussed elsewhere. However Primary and Secondary sources are relative terms and can be described as per the usage of the information. It is described that â€Å"a fallacy is usually incorrect reasoning in argumentation resulting in a misconception.† A logical fallacy is one which is a logical flaw in the argument due to which the argument becomes invalid. A post hoc is a good example of logical fallacy in which people try to link events and deduce conclusions with out considering the other relevant factors. A typical essay includes thesis statement, introductions, body paragraphs and conclusion. The introduction of the essay must be deductive in nature and presented precisely. A good introduction includes to pic of the essay and the background information regarding it. The thesis statement is usually presented in one single statement and author shows his point of view that will be later proved in the body paragraphs through a logical chain of arguments. A thesis statement never asks a question but shows a point of view. A conclusion comprises of a paragraph and concludes the arguments presented in the body paragraphs. The conclusion is basically a summary of the essay. A counter-argument is a reason given by your opposition. The counter-arguments are used in thesis to be evaluated on logic and then answered. Transitions are used to connect different paragraphs and give a complete picture of the essay. c. Integration of Evidence: What is the difference between paraphrasing, summary and direct quotes?

Types of African Feminism

Types of African Feminism The primary reason for the difference in the African feminism and Western feminism is the fact that it has developed in a different cultural context. In todays ever changing world, African women are diligently trying to redefine their roles in ways so that they can make themselves more receptive and carve out an activism which is more aware of the culture. This is not an entirely unforeseen challenge, since the taboos of gender hierarchy, the status of female being always ancillary, and their struggle to carve out a niche for themselves within traditional African culture has been prevalent since ever. The types of African feminism which emanated in various parts across the continent do not grow out of eccentricity within the context of industrial societies which is in contrast with the western feminism. In the West, economic and social inclination historically caused the women into leading more active roles in the economy, and feminism prevalent in west has always given more preference to womens struggle for control over merely an entity for reproduction and sexuality. However, the experience for African women has been different since ever. The debates on African feminism do not focus on theoretical questions, the female body, or sexual identity. Rather, like many of its Third World counterparts, African feminism is distinctly heterosexual, supportive of motherhood, and focused on issues of bread, butter, culture, and power. The issue of clitoridectomy which is practice in Africa and with some tribes it is practiced as a ritual is one that African women are whole heartedly working to resolve. African women are now trying to investigate new ways to inculcate their own views of womens development into African development principles and the non government organizations as well. Since the early nineties, the effects of national policies on women have been highly critized by the women leaders from both inside and outside of government. The women of Africa had to pay a heavy price for their criticism of the national policies where the political leaders and the military victimized them by disrupting the demonstrations, the markets were burnt and some of the women were also jailed and thats not it, they were also forced out of the public positions to curb this menace. However these hardships of reformation in economic structure and democrization have inspired them towards greater courage in raising their voice a gainst the distress and focusing attention on womens status within their societies. Although present African literary criticism is a result of the influence from the west, assessment and the evaluation which are relevant to the African encounter must be stemmed from methods native to African art traditions. The vitality reflected in African life today arises from the traditional consciousness which entrench the arts in all forms of life. In pre-colonial Africa, this intricate relationship exhibited a ceaseless search for ways to improve contemporary condition and wedged creativity in all areas of life. Colonial impact promoted disconnection from African traditional reality and existence which ultimately lead into cultural, social, political and other forms of disjoints. According to Ngugi wa Thiongo, the involuntary extrication from familiar ways of knowing was recorded in narrative form: There is a well known story amongst the crowd that the Mubia told the people to shut their eyes in prayer, and when later they opened their eyes, the land was taken. Significantly, parts of the new account of events and experiences emphasized on African peoples extrication from traditional land and arts. As a result, African literature began early to investigate the changing aspects of present African existence and the literary criticism was set out of action in the exploration of the explicit expressions of the new, script oriented legacy. Further, the colonial education system omitted the woman resulting in her social, cultural and political disarticulation in the new indulgence. Her ensuing silence has yet to be taken care of in present African experience. The scarcity of African literary genres that reinforce the African womans involvement in the recreation and upkeep of the vision of large social group provides evidence of her silencing and evident faintness in Africas encounter with the West. Her involvement is more manifested in the postcolonial arena. Although the African writers did not keep her out from the emerging culture that overwhelmed African experience for a mostly exterior audience, her depiction became challenging in the present setting which prepared rules for her partaking in the new indulgence. This seems a small issue except that the duty of reaffirming the African womans existence was left to educated western African men who, themselves, were insufficiently engraved in the new dispensation. Held back with the duty for self-repossession and the risk of a lost native land, a substantial number of early writers visibly enunciated the African male. For quite a long phase, depictions of the African female in this period after colonialism reverberated with the idea of community and or the female principle. While most post-independent Africans are acquainted of the vitality of art in African society, that understanding however is hardly ever used to substitute the new African narrative agenda in compliance with traditional customs. This is because of the fact that an accession of the colonial experience pre requisites that most elements within familial inheritance be re theorize as obstructions to creativity and advancement. As a result, most of the present narratives re-inspect the known African world or find the rediscovered terrain defined by the colonial conflict. Recipient of conditions of underdevelopment-already-in-progress, they admit the violence of the contemporary African city with its bright lights that disguise corruption and immorality. And, such acceptance deduces harmony with a modern African state. Such a result is at odds with the extensive belief that African ways of knowing emphasize on the dominance of community because it takes for granted a narrative vision that depicts characters whose experiences are non-important to societal objectives and goals. This study of the African woman pursues to go beyond current pressures to normalize the hardship and disagreement in the African womans experience. Rather than assisting her full domestic and international involvement, such pressures obstruct her and slows down the African advancement. A brief survey of some existing viewpoints in present African literature will exemplify what I mean here. An established view in African literary criticism is entrenched in the need to carve out a niche for the female African writer and critic within the present literary tradition. This methodology stems out of the years of silence and struggle that many African women scholars experienced in the academic arena. Many African women scholars were against the silencing which seemed backed up by a male-dominated African literary criticism. In theory, activist feminism is of the belief that only the African woman can persuasively explore her experience. This school strives for authentication of the African woman through in-depth assessment of other exclusionary traditions. Subscribers also agree that: African feminist condemnation is definitely engaged criticism in much the same way as enlightened African literary condemnation grapples with decolonization and feminist criticism with the politics of male literary supremacy. Though most followers believe that for African feminists, the double commitment to womens liberation and African emancipation becomes one, they find that Negritude, for example, was unreasonable in making romantic and mythic images of the African woman. Also, the African male writer and/or critics praise of African motherhood is seen as domineering and unpleasant because their expressed views agree to other prescribed female role which is at the core of most African poetry. However, this schools line of reasoning ignores the fact that the creation of mythic African womanhood is corresponding with the proposition that the African womans world be seen through her own eyes. By assuming an approach to liberation that is universal in scope or nature, African liberation and African womens freedom, this route evokes a glorification of the African woman with mountains on her back. It uses a post colonialist feminist notion that asks for a conceptual filter of inclusion by exclusion, to set up hindrances similar to those whose removal remains part of its plan. But stated assurance to the cause of the African womans emancipation is usually present as a major concern. Significant analyses supports an argumentative research programmed that comprehend the African womans emancipation as a struggle against non-feminists, perceived archconservative and men. Borrowing from activist acclimatized believes, this research programmed readdress the African womans world for her, setting boundaries that are based on what she must see rather than on her reality. However, this school agrees to the existence of pockets of power which allowed women by identifying characteristics of womens involvement in decision-making institutions within traditional African communities. Generally, it faults all men for keeping power to themselves and, in particular, African men for not belittling and incapacitating African traditions that seek the continuation of oppressive roles for the African woman. Missionary Feminism: This school of thought uses a more ethical route. Some characteristics of feminist awareness ground the thinking of most believers. One of its earliest expounder was Amanda Berry Smith, a 19th century African American missionary in Africa. Part of her report on African women presents most of the issues that current missionary feminists deal with and deserves quoting in detail. Account is filled with the usual stories of barbaric morals, the art practices of a witch and the darkness projected for non-Christians. Within her narrative, her own rights to conduct the religious worship to the Bishop is not considered domineering because the Bishop needed her services and the backward natives were too uninformed to eat by the clock. Unable to recognize herself as a returning native, Smith fails to see that the sword-carrying African male walking ahead and his troubled wife are both victims of slave raids that demanded able-bodied African men to defend women and children from invaders of African bodies for the trans-Atlantic slave dealings. Continued narrow-minded reading of this African family caravan is based on the evidence that armor-wearing and glorious-white-horse-riding men are gallant, non-African innovations while cutlass or spear-carrying African men are ancient and domineering. In other words, cutlass or spear-carrying men cannot? Safe guard or protect women or children in misery. But this way of looking at Africa is contemporary. For example, in Alice Walkers The Color Purple, Netie is both preacher and social critic in fictional Olinka and echo prevailing US views of Africa and African women. Also, Walkers holding the Secret of Joy encompass this burden of social criticism on-behalf-of tyrannized African womanhood into the area of activism in creative writing. As per the narrative objectives of Walkers works, African women are either intrinsically incapable of seeing the degree of their own subjugation or they lack required impartiality in their thoughts and writings about it. Among the works of African-born women writers, Buchi Emechetas writings best demonstrate this school of thought. This approach intends to readdress the African woman toward a better way of life. It explores issues like the cruelty of polygamy; the irrational anticipation of mothers who cannot bear to see their daughters choose different lifestyles; the incapability of the modern African woman to decide about feminist ideas and attitudes and, of course, FGM which stands for female genital mutilation. It persuades by promising to put African women at the centre and realization through the expression of the discrimination they experience in fictional form. Using the consciousness raising approach, it induces the need for a crucial union of westernized, feminist and African culture. Crucial to this school of ideology is the idea of the African womans transformation into a self sufficient, independent individual. However, her independence requires the nullification of African conception of sharing and community because these bind the woman to tradition. It calls for new kind of sharing involving favorable reception of the West and western feminist ideals which indicates alteration to a new equality. Drastically there is usually no proposal to western women to share western cultural customs with African women or their own Africanized sisters. Those who follow the ideology of this school assume the African past is predictable and malicious and they seem amazed at the African womans incapability to cope in a transitional society that lacks independence and access to self-authentication mechanisms at the international level. Efforts to validate supportive traditional structures are perceived as lack of creativity and emerging romanticism. Also, challenge for the African woman involved in the conversion process is the classification of the present African male as a modern man who is yet distinct from modern men. Publication in African languages is seen as confining access to African womens works, and the knowledge of a European language envisage resourcefulness. Typical of this approach, recommendations command continued burden of traditional restrictions that control womens behaviors. Although usually involved in issues of womens growth, the missionary feminists evaluation is not suggestive about which cultures constraints should guide behavior; but it is never ambiguous about the benefits of European language choices. Given the complicated relationships between language and culture, the proposition that local advancement is improved through publication in English or other European languages demands precise responses to the postcolonial knowledge. Focusing interest on the perceptual distances created between Africans by slavery and colonialism, this approach also maintains a secessionist vision that refuses to acknowledge African progress on both sides of the Atlantic. Its continuing elicitation of Africa as the Dark Continent and accusation of people of the African Diaspora as dreamers of needless, if not impossible, dreams is a test to African and African Diaspora scholarship, unity and advancement. Given this schools missionary center of attention, statements like African societys narrow-mindedness of ones right to choose ones fate rather than consider the common good. Create a quandary for the would-be African missionary feminist. Also when interpretation like the following are offered as admissions of limited feminist realization or indicators of retarded progress, it becomes hard to question these same assertions as legitimate indicators for the relegation of African American women in highly developed countries like the United Nations. Whether it is the cruelty of polygamy, African-descended womens rape and exploitation in United States slavery, or current ceilings on the African feminists hope, it will be easier said than done to use the masters tools to take to pieces the masters house. Despite our annoyance with history, all African-descended women are accountable for the expansion of research programmed that is receptive to the unique locations we dwell in. In the final investigation, the missionary feminists plan does not state publicly the West as a haven for the knowledgeable, optimistic and tradition-free, contemporary African woman. That is the dare for all women of African descent. Opposing to this school of thought, the new African woman is not an fragmentary version of the western feminist. If, as Audre Lordeimply, growth does not depend on a western-based adaptation agenda, then transcendence of existing subjugation must not mean that the present-day African woman will be better-off in a customized col onialism. Neo-colonial Feminism: Colonialisms exclusion of African womanhood, the all-encompassing ambivalence regarding postcolonial thematic constructs, and the ruthless reality of present-day Africas snail-paced financial growth all create unique troubles for the growth of research agenda on the African woman. Identifying locations for revolutionize and new methods of endurance in the postcolonial state are the chief focal point of this school. Questioning the modern African womans views of alteration, some concerns of this school lie on top with those of missionary feminism; but some of the methods are analogous to those employed by activist feminism. This school points out the African womans need of development in refined idea and action, insisting that adjustment to changing norms must be accompanied by accomplishment of power within the changing society. Changes in the domestic ground and the work place are emphasized. Hardly ever challenging, neocolonialist feminism focuses on the African womans sense of her identity. As result, the major targets are her thoughts and awareness of security in African constructions of comprehension. This approach exposes enunciation of established bases of the postcolonial womans achievements and makes her inability to exploit the resulting negated the reason for seeking advancement. Circumscribing her through the discharge and omission of ideas that authenticate her points of origin, this school makes it hard to develop present-day economic and ideological markets that hold up the African womans intellectual products. Even though neo-colonialist feminist idea acknowledges this weak market, it argues that the present-day African womans advancement depends on her exclusion from the encouraging background of African ways of knowing. Rather than accept that the western educated African has evolved the capability to include two or more cultures, neo-colonialist feminist thought maintains that such aptitude predicts the lack of a important African worldview. An argument of this nature precludes the odds that pre-colonial African thought is open to ideas about womens self-sufficiency, and concludes that feminism is far-off to the African womans experience. Key fraction of the neo-colonialist feminisms call to the African female is established on the expression of the nonexistence of an autonomous point of view about women in the works of male authors. As a strategy, this approach encourages removal of the African woman from the African base by isolating women writers works through the implication that their successes are beyond African mens. Writers like Aidoo, Sutherland have made distinguishing offerings to the genres in which they work Aidoo in the short story, Sutherland in the play, in the novel. They have managed to build up their themes in such a way that their selected forms are undividable from the way in which they see women and society in general. In each case, the chosen form reflects the experiences of the woman. Finally, Sutherlands plays time after time build up analogies between the role playing of the theatre and sexual role playing in society. Therefore, while the African woman writers achievement facilitates her removal from African society, it restructures her as an event in western literature in Africa. The point here is that separating the African woman from African society is at odds with African ways of knowing. Knowledgeable or not, African men, like other men from different societies, represent neither an independent cultural nor national union. Although it is not necessary that men and women always be in agreement on all fronts, Africas development is coextensive with the acknowledgment of the existence of a familiar base, shared experiences and heritage. It is vital to affirm here that western feminism posits a different viewpoint, not a separate society, culture, politics and so on, from western male controlled customs. In general, western feminism assumes the legitimacy of woman-as-woman as it redefines western knowledge bases while validating womens constructive partaking. This fact is essential to the different approaches that notify western white feminisms and the freedom struggles of women of color in general and African women scholars in particular. Most ingenious writers in postcolonial Africa presuppose the influence of an African narrative belief and customs in their works. Although depiction of the African womans experiences confirm her position and authority within African conception of the world, it has been difficult to define the utility of these associations in the scripto-centric, new indulgence. Colonialisms premature spotlight on writing as a male-dominated activity created hindrances for the education of women and the early investigation of women-centered ways of knowing in the African awareness. This made it complicated to comprehend womens progression in the changing society. African feminism explores the writing of the African woman on the continent and the diaspora. Recognizing her circumscription in many areas of modern-day understanding, it emphasizes the requirement for an expansion of limitations so as to assist justification of her partaking as woman-as-woman. African feminism asserts the African womans nar rative and viewpoints as routes to understanding her experiences. African feminism more often than not adopts a descriptive standpoint and emphasizes understanding of African cultures and social systems. Insisting on a different way of reading Africas written narratives, it presupposes that the African story in a European language has more than one level of meaning. Also, in accordance to writers in other parts of the world, the place of the African writer is unique on the basis of language and history. This for the first time we have a group of writers dedicated to polarity of audience. Interpretations by the African feminist school include general and encircling views and close readings of selected texts. This school of thought deliberately take concepts of African womanhood retained in African American culture from slavery to the present as well as the unlike meanings of African womanhood inside the conventional African knowledge base. African feminism insists on sustained application of concepts which uphold a structure of knowledge that assumed her visibility essential for effective partaking. Refusing to be downgraded to the position of a friendly other who endorses her own suppression, African feminism emphasizes that current self-articulation reinvigorates a sense of completeness embedded in a viable past. Although it is in accordance with activist feminism on the requirement of developing an objective African feminist archetype, it rejects its challenging strategies that limit investigation of pre-colonial Africas constructions of knowledge to gender conflicts. In this view, references to sensible adjustments made by women of African descent using the African awareness in times of inconsistency are useful. For example, this school sees women like Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth as resisting and combating disabling epitomes through the use of ingenious applications of African customary assertions of womens intrinsic freedoms. The concept of pleasant cohabitation is supposed at the core of the African knowledge base. For the modern African woman working inside unrecognized African and western systems of knowledge, the potential of this school of thought are never-ending. As Wa Thiongo notes early in his career, the African womans magnificence in the tribe must foremost be recognized by herself rather than by an unknown, conflicting worldview. Clearly, persuasive African literary significant and logical strategies should have the potential to accept and practice Africas right to an all-inclusive tradition. This does not prohibit learning from and borrowing from other cultures. But it requires continuous revisions of multi-dimensional research programmers in hunt of fundamental ideals and significant change. Nwaononaku even though the African feminist approach remains perceptive to issues that are significant to the present-day African woman, it does not go far enough in its exploration. This is because it usually appraises her losses and announces her beauty through textual exploration of well-known postures like the actuality of grandmother roles or the extensive family in African societies. This approach creates inkling that in-depth explanations and analysis are not essential for developing feasible methodical strategies when researching African womens life and literature. To a certain degree, this attribute of African feminism creates false universalisms, which in turn give rise to difficulty in the commencement of new analytical frameworks to advance research and creativity using such explanations. While African feminist scholarship is brilliant, it principally mirror existing understanding and emphasizes textual readings. This work instigates a new approach to the understanding of the African experience by increasing the scope of relevant aspects of public structure. Working from the postulation that prior to the African womans voice was silenced through slavery and colonialism; it was heard within societal structure that assumed womens partaking as important to normal cultural practice. For example, Achebes Things Fall Apart is a priestess and a healer whose responsibility allows her have power over of spaces that the fearless Okonkwo is precautious about entering. Certain of these spaces and the societal situation on a moonlit night, she runs through the town with a sick Ezimma on her back. All through Chielos race that night, her voice calls out compliments to distinguished community personages and agbala. Suggestive of only self-confidence and reliance on a rich ideological resource base, Chielos voice shows no hint of subjugation or concealed womanhood. The fact that Ezimma recuperate after the encounter with Chielo also articulate about Chielos power in agbala. Important to the re-envisioning of African womanhood here is the inconsistency of agbala. Always in alliance with women, agbala is a prophesy, a force ahead of human understanding and might. But it is also the name given to a man without a title (Achebe 1958). The brave Okonkwo quiver in the attendance of the former and despise the latter. Agbala is an early hint of the womans location in a traditional Igbo. Embedded in Igbo narrative customs, Nwapa does not refer straightforwardly to the Igbo practice of multi-voicing. Like Achebe, Nwapa also employ and investigate the concept of duality-in-existence. Within the practice of duality in which all has its contrary and accompaniment, Nwapa, the narrator, names everything at least twice. To start with, the traditional narrative mode presupposes that narrative land exists as an accompaniment to the world of the living. It is observed as an equivalent universe whose world revolves in ways analogous to the world of the narrator and her/his audience. Through narratives, society members name the contents of Spirit-land, the complement of the world of the living. Through imagery and reference, the narrator provides the way to and the proximity with Spirit-land. These references and symbols are vital to the relationship with the communitys ancestors and are essential to African life and living. The woman-as-mother is the most important narrator to the child. She teaches the child about the societys ways of understanding and perception. In this way, the woman-as-mother happens to important to the essential development and continuation of the community. Chielo, racing through the town with Ezimma on her back symbolizes this role and function. There is no male counterpart to this role of the priestess in African life. And, Okonkwo must chase later and stay in the shadows as woman- as-priestess and agbala renegotiate the childs wellbeing and persistence. Important here is the fact that the procedures of ritual and negotiation are rooted in narrative tradition and practice. Like Achebe, Nwapa also makes use of this association in Efuru in which the most important characters have praise names the complement of given names. According to Achebe names mirror the situation of ones birth and family conditions. Nwapas manifestation of Efuru in her variety of roles and functions model customary narrative practices and modes. On the foremost and most obvious level is Efuru (the lost one), the unproductive woman. As an infertile woman, this character challenges the notion of Nneka Mother-is-Supreme a notion Achebe introduces in his investigation of Okonkwos exile in Mbanta, his mothers home of birth. Agreeing with Achebes expression of duality-in-existence: Wherever something stands, something else will also stand beside it, Nwapa present a character whose incapacity to be physically fertile will create a major quandary expressed by Nneka: what happens when the woman is devoid of child? Do women with no children share in the authority that motherhood endows on mothers in the society? By the storys end, Nwapa crack the puzzle by presenting Ugwuta-Igbo as a complement to barrenness Uhamiri, the woman of the lake. For the disabled condition of unproductiveness, the beautiful Uhamiris plentiful wealth provides an differing and necessary complement. Efurus wealth makes available to her alternate opportunity to motherhood. She utilizes it to take care of Ogea, Ogeas parents and others in the society who would else have no access to the compassionate interventions associated with motherhood. Budding from the complicated web of relationships is an Efuru whose praise name, Nwaononaku (the one who dwells in wealth), is noticeable in an economically productive life. Efurus unproblematic profits in the marketplace mirror an ideologically rich resource base, which the society supports using the Uhamiri metaphor. Understanding womanhood as an expansive structure for explaining womens role in most African communities hence require an epistemological specificity and historical authenticity of African ways of knowing. An approach that belongs intrinsically from Igbo (African) thought, it permits for logical depth whether or not the woman is organically and/or economically prolific. By exploring fundamentally paired-outcomes within the epistemological dissertation, it becomes possible to elucidate the need for womens participation. In Nwapas Efuru ,for example, Nwosu and Nwabata look for out Efuru who agrees to teach and take care of their daughter, Ogea. Eventually, Efuru also start to take care of Nwosu and Nwabata. Since Nwosu is Efurus sister, prevalent African customs allow both to recreate Ogea as Efurus maid as a way to lessen despair and anguish for Nwosu who has lost his yams to flood. Nwapas narrative project is decisively based on Igbo notion and practice of dialogue and rhetoric. As an alternative for proverbs, she uses dialogue to re-examine the issue of male death as an accepted form of payment for any death asserting the dominance of a mutual search for life. Deriving her visualization from Igbo narrative customs, she stresses the scope to which Ikemefunas death by Okonkwos hand is incoherent not only with Okonkwos character but with Ugwuta (Igbo) thought and character. Structurally, Ogeas arrival in Efurus family is introduced using a framework that is analogous to that which presents the arrival of Ikemefuna to Okonkwos household. This construction signals Nwapas decisive use of Igbo rhetorical modes to employ Achebes presentation of the use of male death

Pollution Essay: Global Warming is Real :: Climate Change Environment

There is a problem, one which we cannot ignore. We must recognize this as a first step in coming up with solutions and bringing about change. Still, there are entities masquerading behind false pretenses that cultivate climate skepticism. Climate skepticism is a propaganda which states that global warming is nothing but natural, and that the human race has nothing to do with it whatsoever! They try to prove using elaborate schemes that climate change is a scam, and discredit with bogus scientific findings those which are true and verifiable discoveries. One of the latter, however, expels any more doubts that humans are not at all liable to the anomalous changes in the environment, and this is the discovery of the CFC-generated hole in the ozone layer. Governments and corporations with a lot at stake cover up this ugly truth by planting uncertainties and circulating false information among the general population. And then, there are those people who are in complete denial or are simply oblivious to the rampant and seemingly unstoppable chain reaction of the climate change phenomenon, and to the fact that it is man-made. Isn't the Earth hot enough? Aren't polar ice caps melting fast enough? Isn't desertification obvious enough for these people? Guess not. Living life as if it was their own, caring for nothing else but their pathetic, borrowed lives. Never did it occur to them that there are other creatures - people, plants and animals - that coexist with them. A grim future awaits the younger generations as a consequence of their actions - and inactions. We are all responsible, whether we admit it or not. We are accountable for the damages we continuously and carelessly impose upon the Earth.

Kiss the game goodbye

Sally and john were planning a mission to steal the original painting of the ‘Rambrat', which was painted by Rambrat. This painting was highly protected by laser beams and police guards. For many days they had studied the building very closely and knew which officers were on duty which days. So the day came, it was midnight, perfect time to execute the plan. They slowly watched the officer going back and forth, with they luck, they noticed a window that was slightly ajar. As they were on the roof, they had to go down to the 85th floor. As Sally and John went down, the officer nearly caught his eyes on a leg; he saw a foot on the top left hand corner of the window. Sally noticed this and shouted, ‘move your foot', but it was to late, the officer pulled his foot, sally hesitated and did not know what to do. Then she saw the pavement, and quickly went down. Sally quickly went up to the floor, and ran away, but before she ran, she could hear a gun shot. She then said to herself, ‘the game for him has finished', so she silently walked off. ‘Sally' come here, shouted detective carter. ‘I have a special assignment for you there is a very dangerous dealer called Kobe, he is going to steal the redraw face I want you to help him' ‘Why' said sally, ‘Because we have no real evidence to actually put him down for good', ‘Fine'. So the next day she meets Kobe in London, she greets him and tells him that she would like to help him in the mission which he his going to go ahead with. Although Kobe does not trust Sally, he gives her a go. ‘Firstly' Kobe said, ‘to see good you really are, I want you to do a job for me'. ‘What' sally replied? ‘They is a shop in on Lakers Ville, I want you to collect a vase from there'. ‘No problem' sally said in a pleasant way. So Kobe drove to the shop in a black Mercedes, and told Sally to go to the shop and get the vase. ‘No problem Kobe boy' ‘You will pay for it with this visa card, now go'. As sally entered the shop, she could smell ‘rat'. Mr. O'Neal greeted her by saying ‘hello there', with a grin on his face. ‘I would like to collect the 1856 sphere vase' said sally ‘Who are you', Mr. O'Neal said ‘Kobe sent me' ‘Ok, it'll we à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½600.000' ‘Do you except visa' ‘Sorry darling, we aren't in Paris' ‘I know, Paris don't have rats' Then Mr. O'Neal came up with a knife, and said ‘listen here missy, we don't take crap nonsense' Sally caught her eyes on the vase, she quickly got it, smashed it on Mr. O'Neal's head. As the vase broke, she saw a film on the floor, she took the film and left the shop and entered the car. ‘Where's the vase', Kobe said ‘I broke it' ‘You did what' ‘I'm sorry' ‘You completely miss-understood the whole point of the exercise' ‘No I didn't' Kobe saw the film in her hand and said ‘well done, now give it here' ‘What is it'? ‘It's the plan to the whole of the exercise which you wanted to help me with' Kobe was going to take sally to his castle, which was located on a small island near Ireland. As sally woke up, she could she the castle. ‘Holy smack a rony, is this your place', sally said ‘Yes' As they entered the castle, Sally notices many paintings ‘Are these your' Sally quoted in a mysterious manor ‘Yes of course' ‘How did you pay for them'? ‘Visa perhaps' ‘Blood' Sally with a grin on her face, said ‘ok' Kobe showed sally to her room, and said you will be staying her until you would like to go home. The next morning, Kobe woke sally up, come on, we are going to train you to steal the diamond face. As sally was going to leave for a swim before the training, she was stopped by Kobe. ‘What you doing' Sally said in a angry mood ‘Where are you going'? ‘For a swim' ‘No', first the training then the swim ‘Fine then'! So the training began, the first exercise was to manoeuvre strings, which were supposed to represent lasers that protected the face. Sally kept on failing and kept her anger at a minimum, but all of a sudden ‘The hell with this' sally shouted out in an angry way ‘Shut up' and do it ‘Yes sir, what ever you say sir' in a mocking manor She finally got it right, and rubbed it in Kobe's face. ‘Your ready to steal the face', tomorrow we will go ahead with the plan. Because Kobe bought sally a dress, sally felt sorry for Kobe and offered to get Kobe a present, he insisted her not to worry, but she kept refusing, so she went out and got him one. As she saw a public telephone, she thought to call her boss, and inform him of what was happening, because Kobe owned the island, he knew what telephone calls were being made and where, he also could listen to each conversation being had. He was very interested in what sally was talking about on the phone, so he thought he would listen. As he switched it on, he heard ‘I am so close to putting him down, just give me a couple more days', so he knew that she was a cop and wanted to put in him, but then I thought of a plan. As sally arrived she saw a small note on the table, saying go upstairs, as she went up stairs she saw Kobe on the roof of the castle, she approached him, ‘Do you know, every time I come on the roof, I always drop something' Kobe said in a mysterious manor' ‘Go on then' sally said, sally had strange thoughts in her mind; does he know that I'm a cop? As he walked towards her, he bent towards her, as he put on hand on her, he dropped the cup. Sally was very relieved that she was not the one being dropped. ‘Come one, we are leaving in 2 hours get ready' Kobe said. Sally had put on the dress that Kobe had bought for her, it was a size 4 but she was a size 6. As sally was walking down the stairs, Kobe was stunned how beautiful sally looked, and said to her, ‘I know you are a size 6, but I thought you will look good in a size 4. Salt with a grin on her face said, ‘that's very thoughtful of you'. Since it was a ballroom dancing party, all males and females had to be wearing suits and dresses. As they were being toured around and shown the beautiful place, Sally and Kobe caught they eyes on the diamond face, they located the place, and put a sensor on the floor where the face was. As the building was closing Sally and Kobe was planning the plan. They once was an underground tunnel that was used by Queen Victoria to escape from the press and the public. This tunnel was which was not being used any more. They were planning to use that tunnel to get into the museum and steal the face. Because the tunnel was under a canal, they had to use a speedboat to get into the tunnel. After being under the canal, they used diving suits to enter the tunnel. As they entered the tunnel, they saw sunlight. Kobe said, ‘are you ready, time to steal the face' So the plan went ahead, because the museum was closed and the face was guarded by lasers, only one person could get the mask and one person to tell the other person the direction so that he/she does not hit the laser, because if they hit the laser the alarm will go of and the police will be there in a matter of seconds. Sally was the one who had to go and manoeuvre her way pass the lasers and Kobe was to tell her how to manoeuvre them. Because they was a security guard out the room where the face is kept, they had to make sure that the guard did not see sally, and therefore sally movement and speed is vital.

What To The Slave Is The Fourth Of July Example

What To The Slave Is The Fourth Of July Example What To The Slave Is The Fourth Of July – Article Example Frederick Douglass Who was Frederick Douglass and where did he come from? Fredric Douglas was an American sman, social reformer, and a He was a slave, born in Talbot County, Maryland around 1818. His exact birth year and date are not particularly clear. He was also a revolutionist leader and went on to become one of the most famous intellectuals of his time. His writings are autobiographies that describe his experiences with slavery.2) Discuss Douglas’s use of verbal irony in his introduction?He talks of exercising his limited powers of speech. It is ironic since he is famous for his powerful and inspiring speeches. He is a famous and recognized speech giver, and therefore the issue of limited powers of speech is ironic. He also talks of little experience in addressing the public, which is not true.3) Identify several passages where Douglas’s appeals to values he assumes the audience shares with him. What values associated with the fight for independence does he use to argue for the abolition of slavery?In the fourth paragraph, he talks of the valve of being and truthful. He talks of this value being the direction giver to the destiny of the nation as it should to the whole of humanity. Man should be just to each other the same way the country should be just to its people. In the seventh paragraph, he also talks of the value of sovereignty. Just as, the fore fathers who fought for independence wanted to be free and sovereign, the slaves wanted the same. The slaves, just like the fore fathers pronounce their disgust for oppression. All the slaves want just as the people who fought for independence is their freedom.4) In what ways does Douglass draw upon the principles stated in the declaration of independence to validate his argument?The principle of equality, borrowed by Douglas to illustrate how people feel when the government unjustly treats them, illustrates the slaves’ feelings. In this case, the slaves feel harshly and justly treated b y the masters. They are treated with sovereign indifference, coldness, and scorn. Oppression makes wise men mad, as Douglass states. If not, they become resistive to their treatment. Man just wants to be independent just as the principle of independence in the declaration of independence.5) Douglass admits feeling anger towards some members of his audience. How does he express his anger? Is his anger justified? How would you feel if you were sitting in this audience?While giving his speech, Douglas says that some of his audience does not uphold the virtues of their fathers. He says he admires the actions of the brave men who fought for independence. However, the same values they fought to defend are not upheld. He is justified, as this is true. Slaves are treated the same way the Americans were treated when under a colony. If I was sitting in the audience, I would feel challenged.6) In your own words what is the thesis of Douglass speech?Douglass speech intends to invoke emotions th at would compel people into denouncing slavery. Moreover, the speeches intend to encourage the slaves into embracing a sense of freedom. ReferencesDouglass, F. (1852). What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? July 5, 1852

A Report For The Child Protection Cases Social Work Essay Essay Example

A Report For The Child Protection Cases Social Work Essay Essay Example A Report For The Child Protection Cases Social Work Essay Essay A Report For The Child Protection Cases Social Work Essay Essay This study is prepared for the usage of a Child Protection Case Conference for the five members of the Jones household. The Jones household consists of Mark ( 25 ) And Sue ( 21 ) and their three kids John ( 6 ) , Emma ( 4 ) and David who is merely 3 hebdomads old. The conference is being held to see the extent to which the demands of John, Emma and David are being met, as besides the hazards to which they are exposed. With the Child Protection Conference being a meeting between the parents of kids and the people from different bureaus who know the household, this study aims to supply a brief item of the household scenario and a brooding commentary on the household fortunes, appropriately supported by the theoretical and practical cognition of the writer on the hazards faced by the kids and the model chosen for such hazard appraisal. The appendix to this study provides inside informations about the household scenario and can be accessed by users of this study. To province really briefly, the Jones household has three kids. John, the eldest kid suffers from address holds and is exhibiting behavioral troubles at place and school. He demands single attending and has inclinations for unmanageable choler and physical force with kids every bit good as adults. He has besides exhibited delinquent behavior and has been reported for daze lifting. Emma, the 2nd kid is good natured, loves traveling to school, has been assessed to be developmentally advanced and loves her male parent. David, the freshly born is a premature kid and is non in the best of wellness. It is hard to feed him and he cries frequently. Mark Jones the male parent has a history of young person offense, condemnable behavior and domestic maltreatment. He has grown up in hapless societal and economic fortunes and is now working as a driver of heavy vehicles , a occupation that frequently keeps him off from place. Sue the female parent, had her foremost kid when she was 15 and suffered from station natal depression. Not in the best of wellness and holding suffered from domestic maltreatment, she finds it hard to take attention of her three kids. Whilst she comes from an flush background, she has small contact with her parents, who disapprove of Mark. Caring and protecting kids is now at the really nucleus of the societal work system of the UK ( Cleaver, 2004, p 14 ) . Whilst the importance of protecting, fostering and alimentary kids and the demand to supply them with appropriate environments for accomplishment of physical, emotional and mental development has ever been felt to be of import by policy shapers in the UK, a figure of episodes that have taken topographic point over the old ages show that kids continue to be exposed to assorted unsafe and need suitable protection. The deceases of Victoria Climbie and Aliyah Ismail in 2000 and 1998 ( BBC News, 2005, p 1 ) created tremendous media tumult and public indignation and led to legion legal and policy steps that aimed to protect and safeguard kids ( Norton, 1999, p 1 ) . The recent deceases of Baby Peter and Khyra Ishaq, who died in awful fortunes, the first on history of force at the place ( Duncan, et Al, 2008, p 1 ) and the 2nd from famishment, revealed that kids continue t o be in danger and in demand of protection and safety, both in and out of their families ( Carter, 2010, p 1 ) . Appendix 2 provides dismaying inside informations on a figure of kids who experienced force that resulted in serious hurt and even decease. I have, in these fortunes tried to synthesize the assorted legal and policy steps that are available in the UK for protection and safety of kids every bit good as appraisal of the hazards to which they are exposed, for the consideration of the Child Protection Conference on the demands of the kids of the Jones Family. The legislative model for kid protection in England and Wales is provided by the Children Act 1989, farther amended by the Children Act 2004 ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . The act defines injury as sick intervention or damage of physical or mental wellness or physical, emotional, societal, rational or behavioral development. The act besides enshrines of import rules. The paramountcy rule implies that the kid s public assistance should be paramount for determinations on his or her upbringing. The wants and feelings of kids should besides be ascertained before the passing of any order ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . All attempts should be made for saving of the place and household links of kids. The jurisprudence besides underlines the importance of parental duty in the conveying up of kids ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . A figure of other Acts of the Apostless like the Children and Young Persons Act 2008 and the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 and the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 besides lay down the jurisprudence on protection of kids in different fortunes ( NSPCC, 2010b, p 4 ) . Apart from extended statute law for safeguarding and protecting kids, the authorities has introduced a series of policy steps after the decease of Victoria Climbie and the publication of the Laming Report in 2003 ( Department of Health, 2003, p 7 ) . The Every Child Matters Programme inside informations governmental policy for guaranting the safety, nourishment, growing and development of all kids in the state ( Department for EducationaˆÂ ¦ , 2005, p 4 ) . The counsel Working Together to Safeguard Children: a Guide to Inter-Agency Working to Safeguard and Promote the Welfare of Children defines kid maltreatment and neglect and provides counsel on the action that bureaus should take to protect kids. The Framework for the Assessment of Children in demand and their Families provides counsel to professionals to place kids in demand and determine the best possible ways of assisting such kids and their households ( NSPCC, 2010a, p 3 ) . The kids in the Jones household are being presently challenged by hard fortunes. Mark, the male parent has a occupation that keeps him off from place for long periods and he is therefore non truly able to assist in family work or conveying up the kids, except by fiscal support. He has a history of criminalism and domestic force. Even though it should be considered that he is undergoing an choler direction programme in order to get the better of his emotional instability. Sue, the female parent is merely 21 and has already had three kids. She besides has a history of station natal depression, which could perchance come up once more after the birth of David, the youngest kid who is non even a month old. Coming from an flush household, with whom she is estranged for some old ages, she is evidently fresh to the really hard household fortunes in which she is placed and the duties of a female parent of three kids. The opportunities of all three kids being neglected is really high in these fortunes, where the male parent is non at place most of the clip and is seeking to get the better of his emotional instability and aggressive behavior and the female parent is prone to depression, physically tired and worn out and has been burdened with the duties of caring for and conveying up three immature kids. The three kids in the household face the existent danger of physical and emotional disregard. Such disregard could specifically harm their physical, emotional and cognitive well-being and development, affect their public presentation at school, expose them to dangers of under nutriment and unwellness and badly impact their life opportunities ( Howe, 2005, p 31 ) . Neglected kids are besides more prone to truant behavior and substance maltreatment. John the eldest kid already suffers from address jobs, fond regard upsets, attending seeking behavioral jobs, uncontrolled choler and inclinations for force. Such a state of affairs could hold arisen because of attending shortages in his early childhood old ages and greater attending being given to his younger sister by his male parent. John now poses a serious physical menace to his two younger siblings because of his fury and violent temperament. Emma and David are unfastened to the hazards of disregard, every bit good as physical injury. Whilst Emma is the front-runner of the household and portions really good relationships with her parents and may non hence be exposed to pretermit, the status of the youngest kid David is unstable. A premature kid who is given to enduring from colic, David needs excess attention, support and nutriment, which may clearly be beyond the ability and capacity of Sue, in her frame physical status and her history of station natal depression. Apart from disregard, which could harm her physical and emotional development at a important period in her life, he besides faces the menace of physical force from John, who can good ache him severely in a tantrum of fury, if his demands for attending are non met. I feel it to be really obvious that the three kids in the Jones household are at considerable hazard, all three from disregard and the younger two besides from force. The GIRFEC ( acquiring it right for every kid ) theoretical account provides a new attack for designation and meeting of demands of kids. The theoretical account places the well-being of kids and provides a common model for appraisal, planning and intercession across all bureaus ( Lamey A ; Rattray, 2009, p 2 ) . Whilst the GIRFEC is a comprehensive theoretical account, it is specifically focused on taking the whole kid attack, puting the kid at the Centre and maintaining kids emotionally and physically safe. Its scope is therefore broader than mere child protection ( Lamey A ; Rattray, 2009, p 2 ) . It adopts a holistic position and an grounds based attack, wherein the engagement and sentiments of the kid and parents are of import for good results. The theoretical account has three of import constituents, viz. the We llbeing Indicators, My Word Triangle and the Resilience Matrix, which can be used both individually and together for happening the best solution for kids in demand ( Lamey A ; Rattray, 2009, p 2 ) . The My Word Triangle in peculiar provides counsel to societal workers on what kids need from people who look after them. These include ( a ) everyday attention and aid, ( B ) maintaining the kid safe and ( degree Celsius ) being there for the kid. These three issues are specifically of import for sing the fortunes of the three kids of the Jones household ( Lamey A ; Rattray, 2009, p 2 ) . 4. Drumhead and Decision This study has been prepared for the Child Protection Case Conference to see the demands of the kids of the Jones household, the extent to which they are being met and what more demands to be done to guarantee the safety, development and growing of these kids. Appraisal of hazard and guaranting safety of kids is a critical component of current societal work theory and pattern in the UK. Extant statute law and programmes call upon societal workers and other concerned bureaus like the instruction and wellness services to work in close cooperation and coaction with each other to guarantee the safety and protection of kids in demand and at hazard with the aid of specific appraisal models, tools and procedures. An application of the GIRFEC theoretical account reveals that the kids of the Jones household could confront troubles on history of their parents non being able to supply equal mundane attention and aid, maintaining them safe and being at that place to guarantee their physical and emotional attention. These fortunes become more baleful in visible radiation of the female parents frail wellness and past history of station natal depression, the frequent absence of the male parent from place on history of his work and the violent inclinations and behavioral jobs of the eldest kid. The conference must see all these fortunes in order to suitably measure the demands of the kids and the extent to which they are being met and thenceforth to be after for appropriate interventionist action. Bibliography BBC News, 2005, Climbie study impulses childcare reform , Available at: news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in /uk/ /victoria_climbie /default.stm ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Birchall A ; Hallett, C. , 1995, Working together in Child Protection, London: HMSO. Bodley, A. , Risk Assessment and Child Protection , Creative Minds, Available at: www.mylearning.org/learning/science /Child % 20Protection.pdf ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Brandon, M. , Howe, H. , Dagley, V. , Salter, C. , Warren, C. , 2006, What appears to be assisting or impeding Practitioners in Implementing the common appraisal Framework and lead , Professional working Child maltreatment Review, 15: 395-413. Carter, H. , 2010, The calamity of Khyra Ishaq s decease , Available at: www.guardian.co.uk/ /khyra-ishaq-starving-death-background ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Cleaver, H. , A ; Walker, S. , 2004, Measuring kids s demands and Fortunes, London: Jessica Kingsley. Department of Health, 2000, Measuring kids in demand and their households: pattern guidelines, London: the Stationery office. Department of Health, 2003, The Victoria Climbie Inquiry study of an enquiry by Lord Laming , Available at: www.dh.gov.uk aˆ?A HomeA aˆ?A Publications ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Department for Education and accomplishments, 2005, Every Child Matters, Green paper London: HMSO Duncan, C. , Jones, S. , A ; Brindle, D. , 2008, 50 hurts, 60 visits failures that led to the decease of Baby P , The Guardian, Available at: www.guardian.co.uk/ /baby-p-child-protection-haringey ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Ferguson, H. , 2004, Protecting kids in Time: kid maltreatment, Child Protection and Consequences of Modernity, London: Palgrave McMillan. Howe, D. , 2005, Child Abuse and Neglect: Attachment, Development and Intervention, London: Palgrave Macmillan. Lamey, R. , A ; Rattray, M. , 2009, The Shetland Guide to GIRFEC , GIRFEC Project Team, Available at: www.shetland.gov.uk/socialwork-health/ /1GuidetoGIRFEC.pdf ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Norton, C. , 1999, The sad life, inexorable decease and awful treachery of Aliyah, 13 , independent.co.uk, Available at: www.independent.co.uk aˆ?A NewsA aˆ?A UKA aˆ?A Home News ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . NSPCC, 2010a, The kid protection system in the UK , National Society for the Protection of Cruelty to Children, Available at: www.nspcc.org.uk/Inform/ /child_protection_system_wdf76008.pdf ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . NSPCC, 2010b, An debut to child protection statute law in the UK , National Society for the Protection of Cruelty to Children, Available at: www.nspcc.org.uk/ /child_protection_legislation_in_the_uk_pdf_wdf48953.pdf ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Unity Injustice, 2005, A Child Protection System so secret it Kill s , Available at: www.unity-injustice.co.uk/child_victims.htm ( accessed February 28, 2011 ) . Wilson, K. , A ; James, A. , 2007, The kid Protection Handbook, London: Bailliere Tindall Ward, H. , 1998, Using a Child development Model to measure the results of Social Work Interventions with Families , Children and Society, 12 ( 3 ) : 202-211. Appendixs Appendix 1 Child Protection Case Conference Based on the Jones Scenario. ( To see to what extent the demands of John, Emma and David are being met ) . The Jones Family: background January 2010 The Jones household late moved out of a council level in metropolis to little town rural country. They are fighting to pay the mortgage on their two sleeping rooms level. There is no outside drama country, and the level is accessed via outside stepss. Mark Dad- 25 old ages old. Mark has a condemnable record as a young person wrongdoer. He has a history of domestic maltreatment and is set abouting an anger direction plan. He is employed as an HGV driver. He has a big drawn-out household. Mark s background is working category with hapless socio-economic fortunes. Sue Florists chrysanthemum 21years old. At age 15 Sue had postpartum depression which was non recognized. She has a hapless relationship with her ain parents. They are really flush ; Sue s female parent continually expressed her letdown in Sue when she was turning up and does non O.K. of her relationship with Mark. Sue has neer worked she is pregnant with her 3rd kid. John Son ( of Mark and Sue ) 6 old ages old John has terrible fond regard issues. He is exhibiting behavioral troubles and has a important address hold. He has been identified as necessitating Additional Support for Learning. Emma Daughter ( of Mark and Sue ) 4 old ages old Emma is the favoured kid. She is an easy kid to care for and loves traveling to the babys room where it has been noted that she is developmentally advanced. She has a really good relationship with her pa. The Scenario: sequence of events Scenario January 2010 John starts at the local primary holding transferred from a big school in the metropolis. He is in a composite category of 5 and 6 twelvemonth olds and he is one of the oldest. John has a important address hold. March 2010 Records for John have been requested from his old school but have still to get. Meanwhile, his instructor, Mrs Smith is holding trouble pull offing John s behavior. He is really demanding of single attending and if this is non forthcoming he becomes really angry. He throws things around the schoolroom and over the past two hebdomads has hit three younger kids. He has besides kicked his instructor. He has been reported for shrinkage and has been grounded by his parents for bad behavior. His choler is exacerbated because he has trouble in pass oning. Extra information April 2010 David was born prematurely last month, and was little for gestational age. He is hard to feed and is really flatulent. He cries a batch and is now 3 hebdomads old. Following the birth of David, Mary the wellness visitant has visited the household place to offer support and advice to Sue. Sue present as tired, level and listless. The house is disorganised. Sue tells Mary that David is a truly hard babe to feed and that he cries invariably. Mark can non assist as his occupation takes him off from the household place for drawn-out periods of clip. On the rare occasions he is at place, he is tired, cranky and sleeps a batch. The state of affairs in the place is non helped by the changeless demands of John. However Emma is co-operative happy and helps her female parent around the place and with the babe.